Preventive requirements for the protection of fire in educational buildings

• Preventive requirements for the protection of fire in educational buildings:

Page	Chart number	Chart name
	6-1	Validity of the premises from the structural view to be used in educational process.
	6-2	Calculating the transition and direct distance to the educational premises.
	6-3	Fire fighting equipments to those buildings according to the category, rise, and structural classification.
	6-4	Distributing the fire equipments in the educational premise.
	6-5	Engineering services special for the protection in the educational buildings.

6-1	Educational premises The buildings or their parts for the purpose of educating, and that contains six regular students with at least four hours daily, i.e. twelve hours per one week, such as kindergartens, pre-schools – elementary even secondary schools as well as vocational colleges.
6-1/1	Schools specialized for the education of disabled persons, considering each case individually; to establish the appropriate protective additional conditions protective according to the case.
6-2	The seriousness of fire: the seriousness of the fire is classified at the premises as light risks.
6-3	Structural requirements:
6-3/1	Conditions of the first section must be applied to provide safety structure from the fire.
6-3/2	The validity of the buildings are specified from the construction point to be used for the purpose of education according to the Table 1-2 "Classification of buildings in terms of resistance to fire" and the following table 6-1 ‘the validity of the buildings from the structural construction to be used in the educational purposes."

• Validity of the buildings from the structural construction point of view to be used
in educational purposes according to the area, rise, and structural classification:

Structural classification	Area and height
First type	Adequate in all cases
Second and fourth type	Adequate to the buildings with a height not more than two floors
Third and fifth type	Temporary buildings with an area less than a section and according to conditions

Table 6-1

6-3/3	Must take into account the following conditions to determine the location of classrooms in the building:
6-3/3/1	The classrooms for children except for the elementary stage must not be in the basement or above the ground.
6-3/3/2	Lower elementary classes should not be in a higher floor than the first floor.
6-3/3/3	the classroom may be in the basement on a condition that a stairs or exit on the exterior wall must be provided and leads directly to the outside. As well as it should be protected with a network of automatic water sprinklers.
6-3/3/4	All classes must be overlooking on the exterior of the building directly.

6-4	Mixed use:
6-4/1	In the event that the education building was a part of the premises of for other use, they must be separated so that each part must be an independent fire sector having its own escaping means.
6-4/2	In case the building is of different use, it should not contain a high fire or industrial purpose.
6-4/3	Separate sections for education from parts for other purposes.
6-4/4	Buildings or its parts special for uses other than educating according to the kind of its usage.

6-5	Control the spread of fire: the conditions of the first section must be applied in addition to these terms.
6-5/1	Horizontal increase: the area of the fire should not exceed (2000 m 2).
6-5/1/1	Separating the different areas of uses other than education, and each sector is an independent fire zone.
6-5/1/2	The places of risk should be separated.
6-5/1/3	Each semester is considered an independent fire sector.
6-5/2	Vertical proliferation: it is preferable to separate the vertical aperture from other parts of the building through a fire-resistant wall with the capacity to struggle fire for not less than one hour, in addition to doors that has a resisting degree not less than 45 minutes.
6-5/3	Outer-proliferation: The classroom buildings must be separated from each other by walls of fire-proof resistance of not less than one hour.
6-5/3/1	Where educational buildings are involved with a different type of buildings by a fire-proof wall, the resistant of this wall must in the highest requirement of any of them.
6-5/4	Access of fire vehicles: it must be accessible for the vehicles and equipments of the civil defense to the premises of education.
6-5/4/1	The fire crews Must be able from approaching the premises of Education with fire water hoses connected to the nozzle of water intakes or the tank that supplies water.
6-5/4/2	The fire brigade Must be able to reach the rescue openings or balconies by stairs or any other equipment to carry out rescue operations.

6-6	Ways to escape (emergency exits):
6-6/1	General terms must be applied in ways to escape (emergency exits), in addition to these conditions.
6-6/2	Absorptive capacity (absorption): The absorption, according to the means of escapes for (emergency exits) 3-4 agenda, and for places of other uses, absorption is determined in each according to the nature of use.
6-6/3	Capacity: the breadth of ways to escape must be calculated on the basis of the number of people who use them as stated in Part III "ways to escape (emergency exits)."

6-6/4	Distance of transition: should not exceed from any point to reach the final exit or the protected stairs than the numbers listed in Table 6-2.
6-6/5	The direct distance from any point within the sections to the protected exit stairs should not be more than (15 meters), and not more than (10 meters) in the basement.

• Calculating the transition and the direct distance of the premises of education:

location	Distance in meter	floor	Condition and notes
Direct distance Inside the section	15	Ground floor	-
Direct distance Inside the section	10	Basement	-
Transition distance from the section door to the exit or protected stairs	15	Basement	In the presence of more than one exit
	20	Other floors	In case of internal passages
Closed ending	30	Other floors	In case of external passages
Closed ending	6	Any floor	In cases of closed endings

Table 6-2

6-6/6	Corridors: You must provide the general conditions of the passages as it came in the section of the escape means (emergency exits), in addition to these terms and conditions:
6-6/6/1	The corridors must be ordered and smooth in order to lead directly to the exits.
6-6/6/2	In the progressive corridors, barriers should be installed (rail) in accordance with the conditions.
6-6/6/3	The width of the passages must be adequate to the flood of people who use it, under a condition that it shouldn’t be less than (2 meters) for the main corridors and (1.5 meters) of the sub-corridors.
6-6/6/4	Corridors must be exterior ones if this is possible, and it can be in exterior in case it was difficult to have it as the first case. Under a condition that it must be done according to the terms of the first chapter.
6-6/6/5	Corridors within the section should not be less than (1.10 meters) for the corridor which serves two rows of seats, and (90 cm) for the corridor which serves one row.
6-6/6/6	The seat should not be far from the internal corridor more than the distance of six seats.
6-6/7	Exits: General conditions must be provided to the exits as it came in the chapter ways to escape (emergency exits).
6-6/7/1	All exits must lead directly to the outside, or to the stairs or passage protected from fire and separated from the building with an isolating space.
6-6/7/2	The number of exits must be in accordance with the general conditions in which there shouldn’t be less than two far away exits to the parties of the building and on the outer wall, each leading to the outside.

6-6/7/3	in each of the sections there must be two exits far away that lead to the outside or to a protected passage that in its turn lead to two exits as shown in the following conditions:
6-6/7/3/1	If the section can obtain more than 50 students.
6-6/7/3/2	If the section had more than 30 children (kindergarten).
6-6/7/3/3	If the area of the section was more than 90m2, or its depth more than 15m.
6-6/7/4	The windows must be specialized for ventilation, with a measuring area not less than the (0.5 m 2) or (50 cm × 100 cm in height) and the height of the threshold from the surface of tiles (110 cm), to benefit from it in rescue work. It opens easily from the inside without the need for tools Or special locks.
6-6/8	Stairs: the general conditions of ways to escape (emergency exits) must be applied, in addition to these terms.
6-6/8/1	Slope: slopes must be provided in the educational buildings for the usage of the disabled.
6-6/8/2	The stairs on each floor must not be less than two, far away on the building parties and the outside wall each leading directly to the outside.
6-6/8/3	The stairs must be protected and kept away from the building with an isolating surface protected from fire and lead directly to the outside.
6-6/8/4	The width of the stairs must be sufficient for the number of people who use it, and not less than the total width of all the corridors that lead to it.
6-6/8/5	In the case of allowing the use of assembly halls in the basement or upper floors of the building must, the stairs must be of a wider width and the landing of the stair case must be with a larger area for the recess.
6-6/9	Final exit: In all cases, all the ways of escape should lead to the final exit that lead directly to the outside.
6-6/10	Sections of other uses, in the premises of education is applied to it the special conditions or whichever is higher and more prevention.

6-7	Fire-fighting equipment and warning: The terms of Part I must be applied in addition to the conditions contained in Table 6-3.
6-7/1	Manual warning alarm Should be installed in the multi-purpose halls, management’s corridors, sections closed passages in all phases, with the exception of overlooking sections corridors.
6-7/2	An automatic alarm should be installed in the multi-purposes halls, workshops, laboratories, library, and the warehouse. In addition to the places where there is a risk such as the paths of air conditioners, and the basement in all stages.
6-7/3	A general alarm must be installed (in the form of a whistle or bell at the very least) heard throughout the school and with a distinctive voice or verbal messages.

6-7/4	The fire equipments and alarm must be in terms of design, implementation and maintenance in accordance with the requirements for equipment and fire warning or the guidance of the civil defense.
6-7/5	It may be for the at the Civil Defense when having the license, to request additional equipment as a substitute for some preventive precautions required in accordance with the requirements.

Gender			Required conditions
1	Manual fire fighting equipments
	1	Manual extinguishers	All floors
2	Fixed installations
	1	Rubber hoses net	All floors
	2	Dry net nozzles	More than four floors (ground floor + three floors, with a height less than 28m, or two floors with the total height more than 1000m2.
	3	A network of wet nozzles	With the height more than 28m or more than the area of two floors that is more than 1000m2 for each floor.
	4	A network of outside nozzles	In the arena of the universities and high colleges.
3	Automatic fixed systems
	1	Automatic network of water sprinklers for fire fighting	Basement, high floors, and buildings that consist of more than four floors. Premises of the third and fifth type.
	2	Automatic network of sprinklers of other materials	Special risk places where water can’t be used.
4	The fire alarm equipments
	1	Manual alarm network	In the halls of different usages, the management’s corridors, and the passages of the sections of all stages except the corridors of the overlooking classes
	2	Automatic alarm network	In the workshops, laboratories, warehouse, library, and halls of different uses with a manual alarm, and also in special dangerous places and basement.

Table 6-3

• Distribution of fire alarm equipment in the premises of education

Educational level	System kind	Buildings’ sections						Notes
		The passages of closed sections	hall	laboratory	workshop	library	Management’s corridors	A general alarm must be installed(in the form of a whistle or bell at the very least) heard throughout the school and with a distinctive voice or verbal messages.
Kindergartens	Manual	X	X				X
Kindergartens	Automatic		X
Elementary	Manual		X				X
Elementary	Automatic		X			X
Intermediate	Manual		X				X
Intermediate	Automatic		X	X	X	X
secondary	Manual		X				X
secondary	Automatic		X	X	X	X	X

Table 6-4

6-8	Engineering Services: You must abide what is mentioned in Section IV, "General requirements for engineering services", with a focus on what was in shown in the Table 6-5.
6-8/1	Civil defense has the authority to request for additional equipment or a substitute for other preventive certain conditions.

• Engineering services special for protection against fire in the educational buildings:

gender			Required cases
	1	Ventilation system	According to the international standards that are adopted by the civil defense.
	2	Illuminated guiding signs	Basement and ways of escape (emergency exits)
	3	Emergency lighting network	Basement and ways of escape (emergency exits)
	4	Reserve power source	Universities
	5	Fire elevator	If the height was more than 6 floors or 20m according to the least.
	6	Automatic fire doors	According to the protections in the fields of engineering.