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Safety requirements for protecting against fire in the premises of care

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• Safety requirements for protecting against fire in the premises of care.
 
• Index tables:

 Table number  Table name
 7-1  Validity of the buildings from the structural position to see if it can be used for caring.
 7-2  Calculate the distance transition and the direct distance to these buildings.
 7-3  Fire fighting extinguishers for these buildings according to the category, rise, and structural classification.
 7-4  Engineering services specialized for such buildings.


 

• Safety requirements for protecting against fire in the care buildings.

          7-1     Premises of care
   The buildings or its parts that are specialized for health and social care, whose its residences are incapable of moving or they are bound under the influence arrest for moving, including the hospitals, elderly care homes, kindergartens, children social welfare, mental health hospitalities, and prisons in all its categories.
7-1/1  Te premises of care: are the buildings or parts of it that are specialized in the provision of health services, in addition to providing not less than four bed for the patients. It is known that those who visit such places are incapable of protecting themselves because of elder or physical injury or mental illness. These buildings are like convalescence or emergency and first aid buildings.
7-1/2  The social car buildings: it is specialized n providing social care, and to provide not less than four beds for the elders, incapable, or infants such as in kindergartens.
7-1/3  Social Reforming buildings (prisons): it is where the prisoners or detainees stay more than one day (twenty four hours). They are considered to be incapable of escaping with their lives and souls in case of fire, because they can’t exit or escape. Prisons of all kinds, sizes, and arrest cambers.
7-2  The danger of fire: the seriousness of fire is classified to be in the premises of care as a reduced amount of danger.
7-3  Structural requirements:
7-3/1   The protective conditions must be applied in the engineering field in order to provide the safety of the structure against fire danger.
7-3/2   The structural validity of the buildings are specified in order to be used in care stuffs according to the table 1-2 ‘ classifying the buildings through its resistance to fire’ and the second chart 1-7 ‘ the structural validity of the buildings to be used as care buildings.
7-3/3   It must be taken into consideration the other authorities’ conditions, and the specialists n civil defense to coordinate with the Ministry f Health concerning the care buildings, and with the Ministry of Social Affairs concerning the buildings of the social reforming.

• Validity of the buildings according to its construction to be used for care premises care:

 Constructional classification  Area and height
 First and second kinds only  More than two floors
 First, second, and fourth kinds only  Two floors
All kinds
The fifth kind temporary and under certain conditions.		  One floor

7-4  Mix usage
7-4/1  In case the care buildings are part of buildings of other use, they must be separated in order for each section to be independent and have its only free escape passages.
7-4/2   The mixed usage must not be a type that might face a high fire danger or any industrial purpose.
7-4/3    The parts responsible for caring must be separated from other parts specialized for other things.
7-4/4  The escaping passages special for the care premises or its parts must be separated and independent from other parts and it must directly leads to the outside.
7-5        Control over the spread of fire: the conditions of the first group must be applied in addition to these commands.
7-5/1   Horizontal spread: the area of the fire should not exceed (2,000 m2).
7-5/1/1   Regions of different usages must be separated from each other, and each sector is considered to be an independent fire region.
7-5/1/2   
7-5/1/3   Any floor or part of a floor that is used for treatment or sleeping, and that can handle more than fifty people, or that exceeds 45m is considered to be an independent secondary fire sector.
 7-5/2  Vertical proliferation: it is preferred to separate the main openings from other parts of the buildings through a wall resisting to fire not less than one hour, and door openings that its resistance should not be les than forty five minutes.
 7-5/2/1  The vertical vacuum (minwar), staircase, and the hole of the elevator with walls and doors resistible to fire.
 7-5/2/2  

 7-5/2/2/1

  
 7-5/2/2/2  Provide an automatic water sprinkles to fight fire, or a system to prevent the spread of fire and smoke vertically that is being used by the civil defense.
7-5/2/2/3  Provide certified over head ventilation.
7-5/3          Out spread: the buildings or arts of he care premises must be separated from each other by using walls resistible to fire during a period of time not less than one hour.
7-5/3/1       As for the care premises share other buildings with the same fire resisting wall, this struggling wall must be made of he highest requirements.
 7-5/4        The arrival of fire fighting equipments: the vehicles and equipments of the civil defense must reach the care premises easily.
 7-5/4/1           The fire fighting crew must be able of approaching with the water hoses that are connected to the water intakes or the water tank supplier.
 7-5/4/2         

 The fire teams must be able to reach the rescue openings or the balconies by using the stairs or any other equipment to do the rescue operation.

 7-6  Way to escape ( emergency doors)
 7-6/1  The general terms of ways to escape[e must be applied in addition to these conditions:
7-6/2  Absorptive capacity: the capacity is calculated according to what was mentioned in the ways of escape (emergency doors) table 3-4, as for places of other usage the capacity is calculated according to the nature of its uses.
7-6/3         Capacity: the breadth of the ways of escape are calculated on how much people that use it as it was shown in the ways of escape (emergency doors), under a condition that the width of the passages should not be less than (240cm).
 7-6/4          The transition distance: the transition distance from any point to arrive to the final exit or the safe stairs should not exceed the numbers shown in the table (2-7).

 • Calculating the transitional and the direct distance to reach the care premises.

 position  Distance (meters)  floor  Condition and comments
 Direct distance inside the suites or bedrooms  15  Ground

 -
 The transitional distance from the door of the suite rooms to the exit or safe stairs  20  Any floor  For the presence of more than one exit and inside corridors.
 Final ending  7.5  Any floor  In the case of the closed ending.

Table 2-7

 7-6/5  The direct distance from any point inside the bedrooms or suites to the exit or safe stairs is (15m), and does not exceed (10m) in the basement.
7-6/6        Passages: the general conditions must be provided for the corridors as it was mentioned in the ways of escape (emergency doors), under a condition that the width of the general  passages should not be less than (240cm) no matter what.
 7-6/7  Exits: provide the general conditions for the exits as it was mentioned in the ways of escape (emergency doors).
 7-6/7/1  Each floor should have two far away exits.
 7-6/7/2  The number of exits should be according to the general conditions in a sense that it must not be less than two far away exits to the building party and the outside wall, each leading to the outside.
 7-6/7/3  All exits must lead directly to the outside, or to the stairs or a safe passage from fire separated from the building with a vacuum space.
 7-6/7/4  Each room or suite should have two apart exits that lead to the outside or a safe corridor which lead to two exits in the following cases:
 7-6/7/4/1  If the transition distance exceeds what is mentioned in the previous chart.
 7-6/7/4/2  If the transition distance exceeded (90m).
 7-6/7/4/3  If the area of the room or suite exceeds (230m2).
 7-6/7/5  Horizontal exits: an alternative temporary zone must be provided in all the care buildings that have more than two floors, or he area of its floor exceeds (2,000m2).
 7-6/7/6  Except the floors and rooms that are specialized for sleeping, 50% of the escaping ways must lead to a safe place inside the premises.
 7-6/8  Stairs: the general conditions of the escape ways (emergency doors) must be applied in addition to these terms.
 7-6/8/1  Slopes: slopes must be provided in the care premises according to the general conditions of escaping ways (emergency exits), and according to the circumstances of the usage of these buildings with cooperation with the relevant agencies.
 7-6/8/2  Each floor must have not less than two apart stairs at each side and on the outside wall, in which each leads to the direct exit.
 7-6/8/3  The stairs must be secured and separated from the building with an isolated piece safe from fire and leads to the directly to the outside.
 7-6/9  Final exit: in all cases, the all escaping ways must lead to a final exit that in its turn leads directly to the outside.
 7-6/9/1  Parties of other uses, must be applied in them their own orders or what is more prevention.
 7-6/9/2  Locks are allowed to be used in the health  care premises for the mentally disordered, social care of the prisoners or detainees, that there shall be permanent guards around the clock (24 hours), in which they allow the users to be transmitted into another safe locations in case of emergencies.
 7-7  Fire and alarm equipments: the terms of Part One should be applied to provide safety in the structural construction against fire, in addition to the conditions mentioned in the chart (3-7).
 7-7/1  Alarm and fire equipments must be provided and the engineering services for prevention against fire that are requested to be in the premises care.
 7-7/2  The design, implementation, and maintenance of the fire and alarm equipments must be according to the conditions of the civil defense equipments.
 7-7/3  The civil defense when getting the license, can request for extra equipments as an alternative tools for some safety procedures according to the conditions.

 • Fire equipments for the care premises

 • According to the category, rise, and structural construction

 Gender

Cases required
 1

                 Manual fire equipments   
   1     Manual  extinguishers All floors 
 2               Fixed installations  
   1     A network of rubber hoses  All floors
   2              A net work of dry nozzles  It must be more than four floors (ground + three floors) in a height not more than 28m, or as two floors with an area that exceeds 1,000 m2.
   3  A network of wet  nozzles  It must be higher than 28m or  as two floors with  an area that exceeds 1,000 m2 for each floor.
   4  A network of outside nozzles  According to the size of the building.
 3      Automatic fixed systems  
   1  An automatic network of water sprinkles for fire fighting. Basement, bedrooms if the building consisted of more than two floors, buildings such as third and fifth kind.
   2  An automatic network of sprinkles for substances other than water.  Dangerous places where water can’t be used.
 4    The fire alarm equipments  
   1  Manual alarm network  In all the floors
   2  Automatic alarm network  In suites, bedrooms, and corridors. Also in private dangerous places, air conditioning tunnels, and basements.

 Table 7-3

 8       Engineering services: we must commit to what was mentioned in the Fourth Part concerning ‘ the general requirements for engineering services’ with focusing on what was in table (4-7).
 8-1    The civil defense has the right to ask for extra equipments or any alternative for safety conditions.
 8-2     The alternative of the requested equipments are specified in the care premises for psychological health, social care especially kindergartens, and prisons all with cooperation between the civil defense and competent authorities.

• Special engineering services for prevention from fire in the care buildings:

 Gender    Requested conditions
1  Ventilation system  According to the international standard adopted by the civil defense.
2  Illuminated signs for extensions  Basements and escaping passages (emergency exits)
3  Emergency lighting system  Basements and escaping passages (emergency exits)
4   Reserve power source  All the care premises.
5  Fire elevator  If the rise of the building is more than six floors or twenty meters, what ever is less.
6  Fire doors operate automatically  In accordance to the safety procedures in the engineering fields.

 Table 5-4

 5-9  Special protective conditions: in the case of cinema and theater, each case is studied individually to provide it with the necessary conditions. We can count on the American terms (N.F.P.A.101) or the international standards as a reference for more details of these buildings, in addition to the following conditions.
 5-9/1  Seats: the fixation of seats must be organizes according to the following standards.
 5-9/1/1  Dimensions between the rows.
 5-9/1/1/1  Net dimension among the normal seats in a row is 30cm.
 5-9/1/1/2  Net dimension among the armchair seats in a row is 50cm, if the number of seats was 25 seats or less.
 5-9/1/1/3  Net dimension among the armchair seats in a row is 60cm, if the count of seats was more than 45 seats.
 5-9/1/2  Number of seats.
 5-9/1/2/1  The number of seats in one row is at least four.
 5-9/1/2/2  The number of seats in one row is seven for maximum, when it overlooks at one passage of normal seats.
 5-9/1/2/3  The number of seats in one row is fourteen for maximum when it overlooks at two passages of normal seats.
 5-9/1/2/4  Number of armchair in one row is 100 for maximum when it overlooks at two passages.
 5-9/1/2/5  You can increase the number of normal seats in one row up till 11 seats that overlooks at one passage, if the dimension between the seat row with 25mm for each seat.
 5-9/1/2/6  You can increase the number of normal seats in one row up till 22 seats that overlooks at two passages, if the dimension between the seat row with 25mm for each seat.
 5-9/1/3  Fixing the seats.
 5-9/1/3/1  The seats must be well installed in all halls that are permanently specialized for the audience such as cinema, theater, and lecture halls.
 5-9/1/3/2  In the cases where the seats can be fixed only temporary to do the following procedures:
 5-9/1/3/2/1  Tie the seats together in groups not less than four, and each case will be studied individually.
 5-9/1/3/2/2  The seats that are on the parties must be fixed, as well as the front row, and those that overlook upon the passages and exits.
 5-9/2  Floor.
 9-1.4.1  The slope angle of the hall’s floor must not exceed 35 degrees with the horizontal line.
 5-9/3  In the multi-purposes halls and that can be used as showrooms, the protective terms must be applied in the industrial buildings as well as the following conditions.
 5-9/3/1  The area of the exhibition place must be organized in which there will be organized passages according to these terms.
 5-9/3/2  The shelves must be made of incombustible materials.
 5-9/3/3  The guidance signs and the fire equipments must be provided.
 5-9/3/4  The civil defense must be consulted in case of temporary and seasoning exhibitions to get the guidance and the necessary preventive requirements.